неделя, 29 май 2011 г.
Can Vitamins Help Depression – Vitamin Defiencies and Depression
четвъртък, 26 май 2011 г.
Healthy Cooking
Healthy cooking doesn’t mean that you have to become a gourmet chef or invest in expensive
cookware.
вторник, 24 май 2011 г.
Delightful Parmesan Escarole
неделя, 22 май 2011 г.
Food Safety During Pregnancy
During pregnancy, changes in hormones cause a woman’s immune system to become suppressed, so that it is harder to fight off infections.
The 6.5 million women who are pregnant each year in the U.S. are at increased risk for some types of food-borne illness.
Some food-borne illnesses can cause a woman to have a miscarriage, stillbirth or serious health problems for the baby after birth.
Pathogens are organisms (bacteria, virus, parasite) that can cause illness in humans.
Pregnancy is an exciting, yet critical time in a woman’s life. Because a mother’s health behaviors have direct effects on the health of her baby, expectant mothers receive a lot of health information. Along with nutrition concerns, a growing topic of importance is food safety during pregnancy. Pregnant women are at increased risk for getting some food-borne infections because of the hormonal changes that occur during pregnancy. While such changes are necessary for survival of the fetus, they also suppress the mother’s immune system, thereby increasing the chance of infection from certain food-borne pathogens.
Examples of pathogens of special concern to pregnant women are Listeria monocytogenes, Toxoplasma gondii, Brucella species, Salmonella species and Campylobacter jejuni. Certain organisms can cross the placenta and increase the fetus’s risk of becoming infected. Infection can result in miscarriage, stillbirth, premature labor or severe complications for the baby. Certain organisms, including Listeria monocytogenes, Toxoplasma gondii, Salmonella typhi and Campylobacter jejuni, can have adverse consequences for the fetus if they cross the placenta.
Listeriosis
Listeriosis is a form of infection that may result when foods containing the bacteria Listeria monocytogenes are consumed. L. monocytogenes is widely distributed in nature and is found in soil, ground water, plants and animals. L. monocytogenes is often carried by humans and animals, and has the ability to survive unfavorable conditions, including refrigeration temperatures, food preservatives (salt), and conditions with little or no oxygen. It is, however, easily destroyed by cooking.
Infection from L. monocytogenes typically occurs in individuals with a weakened immune system, including pregnant women. There is an estimated 14-fold increase in the incidence of listeriosis among pregnant women compared to non-pregnant adults. Pregnant women make up 27 percent of all cases of listeriosis. Once in the bloodstream, Listeria bacteria can travel to any site, but seem to prefer the central nervous system and the placenta. The fetus is unusually prone to infection from L. monocytogenes, which can lead to a miscarriage, stillbirth, or infection of the neonate and health problems following birth.
Gastrointestinal symptoms may appear within 2 to 3 days of exposure. If the body does not clear itself of the pathogen and the infection becomes invasive, symptoms such as fever, chills, headache, muscle aches and back aches may develop in 11 to 70 days after exposure. A blood test can determine if symptoms are caused by Listeria infection and if confirmed, the patient can then be treated with antibiotics.
Foods typically associated with listeriosis have a long shelf life and are eaten without further cooking. Outbreaks have involved foods such as coleslaw, Mexican-style soft cheeses, milk, p?t?, pork tongue, hot dogs, processed meats and deli salads. Examples of foods that may harbor this pathogen include unpasteurized milk, raw milk products, raw and smoked seafood, and any ready-to-eat processed foods, such as hot dogs, luncheon meats or deli meats, that have not been heated to proper temperatures before serving.
To avoid infection from L. monocytogenes, pregnant women are advised to practice safe food handling procedures, such as storing all perishable foods at or below 40 degrees F and using perishable or ready-to-eat foods as soon as possible. If a potentially hazardous perishable food cannot be eaten within four days, it is best to freeze or discard it. Kitchen surfaces, cutting boards and utensils should be washed before and after food preparation (especially after contact with raw meat or poultry). Pregnant women are advised to avoid eating soft cheeses made from raw milk (e.g., Feta, Brie, Camembert, blue-veined cheeses, queso fresco, queso blanco and Panela), unpasteurized milk and foods made from raw milk, raw or undercooked seafood, refrigerated smoked or precooked seafood, deli seafood salads, and hot dogs, luncheon meats, deli meats and p?t? unless reheated to steaming hot before serving or reformulated to prevent Listeria. Leftover foods should be reheated to 165 degrees F before eating.
Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis, the infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, can be passed to humans by water, dust, soil, or through eating contaminated foods. Cats are the main host for T. gondii, and the only host where the parasite can complete its life cycle. T. gondii may be carried in the fur or feces of cats and then passed to other animals and people. If an animal becomes infected and its meat is then eaten raw or undercooked, the parasite is passed to the human or animal that consumes the meat.
It is estimated that 1.5 million people in the U.S. become infected with T. gondii each year. Most individuals do not experience recognizable symptoms, and will develop a protective resistance to the parasite. However, if a woman not previously exposed to T. gondii first acquires the parasite a few months before or during pregnancy, she may pass the organism to the fetus. This could result in stillbirth, early prenatal death, or serious health problems for the baby after birth such as eye or brain damage. Symptoms in the baby may not be visible at birth, but can appear months or even years later.
If symptoms of infection with T. gondii do appear in the pregnant woman, they usually appear about 10 days after exposure to the parasite and include a low grade fever with rash, muscle aches, headache and possibly swelling of the lymph nodes. Infection may be confirmed by a blood test and treated with antibiotics. Prompt treatment of the mother with antibiotics reduces the risk of passing the parasite to the fetus, but cannot change the course of the disease once the fetus has been exposed.
Toxoplasmosis most often results from eating raw or undercooked meat, eating unwashed fruits and vegetables, cleaning a cat litter box or handling contaminated soil. To avoid infection from T. gondii it is important that pregnant women practice safe food handling procedures such as washing all surfaces, cutting boards and utensils with hot, soapy water, especially those that come in contact with raw meat. Pregnant women should wash hands often, especially after handling animals or working in the garden, avoid eating raw or undercooked meat (particularly mince meat, mutton and pork), and if they own or take care of a cat, make sure the litter box is changed every day, preferably by a friend or family member.
Salmonellosis
Salmonellosis is a common form of food infection that may result when foods containing Salmonella bacteria are eaten. The bacteria are spread through direct or indirect contact with the intestinal contents or waste of animals, including humans. It is estimated that 2 million cases of salmonellosis occur each year in the United States. Salmonella bacteria do not grow at refrigerator or freezer temperatures and are easily destroyed by heating foods to 165 degrees F.
Symptoms of salmonellosis include headache, diarrhea, abdominal pain, nausea, chills, fever and vomiting; these usually appear within 12 to 36 hours after eating the contaminated food. Foods most often involved include raw (unpasteurized) milk and raw milk products, raw or undercooked meat and poultry, raw or undercooked eggs, raw sprouts (alfalfa, clover, radish, broccoli), salads (including chicken, tuna, potato), and cream desserts and fillings.
To avoid infection from Salmonella bacteria, pregnant women should follow general safe food handling practices, including washing hands often with hot, soapy water, especially after using the bathroom and before and after handling food. Hands and working surfaces should be thoroughly washed after contact with raw meat, fish, poultry, and foods that will not undergo further cooking. Fresh fruits and vegetables should be rinsed well before eating, and food such as raw milk and raw milk products, raw or undercooked eggs, raw sprouts, raw or undercooked meat and poultry, and unpasteurized fruit juices should be avoided.
Pregnant women are not at an increased risk for getting salmonellosis; however, one type of Salmonella bacteria, called Salmonella typhi may be passed to the fetus. S. Typhi is rare in the United States, but if transmitted to the fetus, can cause abortion, stillbirth or premature labor.
Campylobacteriosis
Consuming food or water that contains the bacteria Campylobacter jejuni causes an infection called campylobacteriosis. C. jejuni is found in the intestinal tracts of animals (especially chickens) and in untreated water. It’s a very common cause of diarrhea accompanied by fever in the United States. This organism thrives in a reduced oxygen environment and is inhibited by acid, salt and drying. C. jejuni also is easily destroyed by heat (120 degrees F).
Although pregnant women are not at an increased risk of campylobacteriosis, infection from this bacteria can result in transmission to the placenta. Consequences of fetal infection include abortion, stillbirth or preterm delivery. Symptoms usually appear within 2 to 5 days after eating the contaminated food and include fever, stomach cramps, muscle pain, diarrhea, nausea and vomiting. Infection from C. jejuni may be treated with antibiotics.
C. jejuni is most often found in raw (unpasteurized) milk and raw milk products, raw or undercooked meat and poultry, and raw shellfish. To avoid campylobacteriosis, pregnant women are advised to consume only pasteurized milk and milk products and to thoroughly cook meat, poultry and shellfish. Hands, surfaces, cutting boards and utensils that come in contact with raw meat, poultry or fish should be washed well with hot, soapy water.
Preventing Food-borne Illness During Pregnancy
Preventing food-borne illness is always important, but is especially so during pregnancy when the consequences can adversely affect the mother and the unborn child. Listed below are key behaviors important in ensuring the safety of the food you eat.
Practice Personal Hygiene
Always wash hands well with soap and warm running water before handling food, after using the toilet, after changing a baby’s diaper, and after touching animals.
Cook Foods Safely
- Use a food thermometer to make sure meat, poultry (including ground meats) and eggs are cooked to safe endpoint temperatures. See Figure 1.
- Use a thermometer to make sure leftovers are reheated to 165 degrees F.
- Always heat hot dogs to steaming hot before eating. Follow the instructions on the package or simmer for at least 5 minutes.
- Heat lunch meats and deli meats to steaming hot before eating. This includes packaged lunch meats and those purchased at the deli. You can use a microwave, oven or grill. If you prefer lunch meats cold, they can be heated and then cooled before eating.
- Cook shellfish until the shell opens and the flesh is fully cooked; cook fish until flesh is firm and flakes easily with a fork or to 145 degrees F.
Avoid Cross-Contamination
- Wash knives, cutting boards and food preparation areas with hot, soapy water after touching raw poultry, meat and seafood.
- Wash hands with soap and warm running water after handling raw foods.
- Thoroughly rinse fresh fruits and vegetables under running water before eating.
- Keep cooked and ready-to-eat foods separate from raw meat, poultry, seafood and their juices.
Keep Foods at Safe Temperatures
- Store all perishable foods at or below 40 degrees F. Use a refrigerator thermometer to make sure your refrigerator is between 35 to 40 degrees F.
- Store eggs and other perishable foods in the refrigerator.
- Use perishable foods that are precooked or ready-to-eat as soon as possible. If the food cannot be eaten within 4 days, it is best to freeze or discard it.
Avoid Foods from Unsafe Sources
Because pregnant women are at high risk for infection from the pathogens discussed above, they are advised to avoid foods that may be contaminated with these harmful pathogens. See Table 1.
вторник, 10 май 2011 г.
How To Get Pregnant – The Best Time to Conceive
Vital Considerations to Make Before Trying To Get Pregnant
неделя, 8 май 2011 г.
10 tips for healthy and fabulous hair
Hairstyle by the shape of your face
Hair is composed of keratin – a protein crust. It needs a combination of essential amino acids (such as those in red meat and dairy products) and no protein animal origin. Try the following foods to Gain proteins:
- Cereals + legumes: rice and beans, peanut butter on bread;
- Seeds + milk products: sunflower seeds on a home cheese.
Omega-3 fatty acids nourish and add moisture to dry and damaged hair and soothe itchy scalp. The best sources of omega-3 fatty fish, flaxseed, and certain varieties of nuts. Herring has the most omega-3 per serving, followed by mackerel, salmon, trout and tuna.
It plays an important role in delivering oxygen to cells throughout the body including hair.Deficiency leads to anemia (deficiency of iron), which contributes to hair loss. If you rely on herbal products to Gain iron, combine them with vitamin C rich foods to enhance absorption by the body. Some examples:
- Peppers with lentils;
- Broccoli with tofu;
- Cooked tomatoes with beans;
- Orange juice with breakfast cereal rich in iron.
Vitamins of youth – in the diets of women
He maintained healthy fat-humid environment of cell membranes – get breakfast in the morning in 1 tablespoon vegetable oil (preferably olive oil and then cold pressed). Good for hair.
In combination with vitamin E for each cell creates an insurmountable barrier to free radicals, viruses, bacteria and other microorganisms, so that together with the oil plug in your diet and yeast (it is rich in selenium) and fresh fruit.
Protect cells from destruction. In sufficient concentration of carotene in tissues, even older woman looks at 40. Therefore, spinach, broccoli, carrots, beets, squash and apricots (they are goblets carotene) should have a permanent presence on the menu. Also good for hair.
Is the best ally youth and energy. Daily use of dark-green leafy vegetables (they contain magnesium) will make you more active and fresh.
Improve memory. Fish, sea kale, buckwheat and nuts contain phosphorus. And there glucose in grapes, raisins, bananas and mandarins.
Leave no chance for sclerosis, and the combination of calcium, magnesium and vitamin D reduce the likelihood of atherosclerosis.
петък, 6 май 2011 г.
Vitamins And Your Hair?
My hair is my wealth. Hair of women and men gives them a magical and mysterious look. Women with well-formed and healthy hair are much desired and admired by men. Also in force and this fact about men. Those who are bald have little chance to compete for women compared with those with beautiful hair. Often problematic seasons hair are autumn and spring. During those two seasons hair loss increases.
четвъртък, 5 май 2011 г.
Protein RDA – How Much Protein We Need Per Day?
вторник, 3 май 2011 г.
What Your Hair Style Says About You?
Short
Short hair is most often associated with extreme intelligence otvorenoet and honesty – what you see is what it is as a rule, short hair makes young women more sophisticated and a little older.
Hair to the shoulders
Woman with shoulder-length hair is usually perceived as a woman of class, strong woman. People see these women as powerful, women who combine both wit and beauty.
Long hair
If long hair is well maintained, it speaks of confidence and emotion, sexuality. But beware of shaggy and long hair, it sends the following message to the people: this guy is trying to hide something disbanded and shaggy hair and is seen as confused.
Curly hair for rights
Valnistata curly hair and create the impression of playfulness, playfulness, warmth and secure. Rights hair tells people that you are organized, subtle and stylish woman.
Ponytail
Harvested in a traditional ponytail hair is a sign of sanity – that is extremely good vision for meeting with parents, partner or meeting with your boss. The high ponytail makes us more energetic and casual look.
The length of hair must be in accordance with the proportions of the face.
Have you been to bring salon style photo you want to make you? And then you wonder why Meg Ryan, for example, and stay cool, but your version is a total failure? More likely guilt is not the skill of stylist, in that you have not complied with the shape of your face.And the most important thing that absolutely defines what’s your ideal hairstyle is exactly the shape of your face.
Fortunately, the only thing you should do is to “remove the measures” on her face.
Sizing
Take tailoring meter (line and roulette also work), paper and pen. First, measure your face horizontally from the top of the cheekbones. Save number. Then measure the width of the level of the jaws. Save number. Then measure the widest part of the forehead, just above the eyebrow line and save the number. Finally, measure the height, starting from the hairline to the bottom of the chin and save the number.
The result:
- Oval face: The height of your face is about 1 ? times greater than the width (width use the average of three values).
- Round face: height and width are almost identical.
- Square face: width of the forehead and jaw are almost identical.
- Heart-shaped face: cheekbones and forehead are broader and the chin is narrow.
Ode to oval
If you have an oval face, rejoice! This is considered the ideal shape because of the exquisite, symmetrical proportions and lack of sharp angles.
Although this form going as long and short hair, avoid tousled hairdos and those with clumps in the face to distract from the form. You can experiment, however, as you want.
Long round
If you found that the shape of your face is round, then enter in good company – that of Kate Winslet and Jennifer Hudson. A little less length and height of the hair will prolong the face. You can easily lift the hair as long as you leave a few strands falling. Step-cut also compensate roundness of the face. Another possibility for the round shape is lightest bangs as long as it does not go too sideways to the temples.
Square and sexy
Just like Jodie Foster! Try and give your long locks of hair with a slight elevation tupirane and casual curls.
Do not separate the rights hair in the middle of the road, avoid chin length and bangs. All these styles will highlight Corner jaw, and you have more to soften the form and give it more feminine. Thinning locks and will make you look great.
Heart-shaped beauties
This is actually a very nice shape. Long golden curls and bangs light of a country is one of the options for you. In all cases, however, it is good to know that softens bretonat form and distracts from the protruding chin and high forehead.
Other tips
If your face is too elongated, wear their hair long in order to “shorten”. Avoid the average lengths. Furthermore, let the ends are equal, not tapered to balance the proportions of your beautiful face.
Geometry is destiny
Of course, if you follow these rules, the result is likely your style is great. Note however that there are no absolute proportions, 99% of people are not individuals with symmetrical face shape and often a combination of, in fact, different forms. Which brings us to the basic rule:
Emphasize the positive, emphasize what you like. The stars also have defects, but have learned how to use what is given them in the best possible way.
E-Books
Free e-books from YourInsomniaCure Publishing
Free e-books from YourInsomniaCure Publishing
понеделник, 2 май 2011 г.
Valerian – Valeriana officinalis
supplements have gained in popularity, especially after the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act was passed in 1994. This law allowed the distribution of many agents as over-the-counter supplements, and therefore allowed them to bypass the regulatory requirements of the Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Despite the above mentioned studies finding valerian ineffective as an alternative for benzodiazepines, valerian is used for sleeping disorders, restlessness and anxiety, and as a muscle relaxant. Valerian often seems only to work when taken over longer periods (several weeks), though many users find that it takes effect immediately.[citation needed] Some studies have demonstrated that valerian extracts interact with the GABA receptors. Valerian is also used traditionally to treat gastrointestinal pain and irritable bowel syndrome. However, long term safety studies are absent.
Valerian is sometimes recommended as a first-line treatment when risk-benefit analysis dictates. Valerian is often indicated as transition medication when discontinuing benzodiazepines.
Valerian has uses in herbal medicine as a sedative. The main current use of valerian is as a remedy for insomnia, with a recent meta-analysis providing some evidence of effectiveness.[19] It has been recommended for epilepsy,[citation needed] but that is not supported by research (although valproic acid—an analogue of one of valerian's constituents, valeric acid—is used as an anticonvulsant and mood-stabilizing drug). Valerian root generally does not lose effectiveness over time.
While shown to be an effective remedy for the reduction of anxiety, it has also been reported to cause agitation, headaches and night terrors in some individuals.[citation needed] This may be due to the fact that some people lack a digestive conversion property necessary to effectively break it down.
One study found valerian tends to sedate the agitated person and stimulate the fatigued person, bringing about a balancing effect on the system.[20]
One study found valerian effective in controlling infantile rota viral diarrhea.[21]
In ayurveda, valerian is considered to work on the nervous, digestive, and respiratory systems as a stimulant, antispasmodic, stomachic, sedative, analeptic, carminative, and nervine. While it's used for various disorders of these systems, it is noted that excessively, it may dull the mind or cause severe conditions such as central paralysis, thus it is recommended to be used under the supervision of an ayurvedic doctor. Possibly because of its dulling effects, another herb is mainly used for nerve and mind disorders like insomnia: jatamamsi (nardostachys jatamansi).[22]
[edit]Oral forms, usage and adverse effects
[edit]Oral forms
Oral forms are available in both standardized and unstandardized forms. Standardized products may be preferable considering the wide variation of the chemicals in the dried root, as noted above. When standardized, it is done so as a percentage of valerenic acid or valeric acid.
[edit]Dosage
Dosage is difficult to determine due to the lack of standardization and variability in available forms. Typical dosages of the crude herb vary from 2-10 grams per day. Valerian root is nontoxic, but may cause side effects, such as giddiness and disorientation, when taken in large excessive doses.
[edit]Adverse effects
Few adverse events attributable to valerian have been reported.[14] Large doses or chronic use may result in stomach ache, apathy, and a feeling of mental dullness or mild depression. Because of the herb's tranquilizer properties, it may cause dizziness or drowsiness, effects that should be considered before driving or operating heavy or hazardous equipment.[23] In some individuals, valerian can cause stomach ache, anxiety, and night terrors (see above).
Though some people like the earthy scent, many others find it unpleasant, even comparing the odor to that of unwashed feet.[24] In rare cases, valerian may cause an allergic reaction, typically as a skin rash, hives, or difficulty breathing.[23]
Because the compounds in valerian produce central nervous system depression, they should not be used with other depressants, such as alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or opiates.[25][26][27] Moreover, nonpregnant adult human hepatotoxicity has been associated with short-term use (i.e., a few days to several months) of herbal preparations containing valerian and Scutellaria (commonly called Skullcap).[28] Long-term use in a male has also been associated with benzodiazepine-like withdrawal symptoms, resulting in cardiac complications and delirium.[29]
The very limited animal and human data do not allow a conclusion as to the safety of valerian during pregnancy. Moreover, as a natural, unregulated product, the concentration, contents, and presence of contaminants in valerian preparations cannot be easily determined. Because of this uncertainty and the potential for cytotoxicity in the fetus and hepatotoxicity in the mother, the product should be avoided during pregnancy.[25][26] The risk to a fetus from short-term or inadvertent use during any part of gestation, however, is probably low, if it exists at all.
[edit]Effect on cats and rats
An unusual feature of valerian is that the essential oil of valerian root is a cat attractant similar to catnip.[citation needed] The active compound in valerian for this is actinidine.[citation needed] Cat attractants might mimic the odor of cat urine,[citation needed] which is caused by 3-mercapto-3-methylbutan-1-ol (MMB).[citation needed] Anecdotal reports claim that valerian is also attractive to rats—so much so that it had been used to bait traps. Stories describe the Pied Piper of Hamelin using both his pipes and valerian to attract rats.[13]
[edit]